Terpenes: What You Need To Know!

Up until now, most scientific studies of marijuana have focused on the cannabinoids THC and CBD, for good reason, and most consumers and patients have developed preferences in how much of these compounds they prefer, and the best products and techniques to optimize their effects.

And yet, most people notice that even the same cannabinoid levels in different products can affect them differently, or that even the exact same strain of marijuana, when taken at different times, can have different effects. Scientists are exploring these natural variations, which is drawing more and more attention to terpenes.

What are Terpenes?

Terpenes are volatile organic compounds that are the primary component in essential oils. They are produced by a wide variety of fragrant plants, notably herbs and conifers, and by some insects.

Fragrant terpenes are used by plants to attract beneficial insects and pollinators, and to deter predatory insects. Hops is rich in terpenes, which affects the flavor and quality of beers. Cannabis sativa has 120 known terpenes.

Since terpenes are aromatic oils, they give marijuana plants a distinctive taste and flavor. But, because they are produced naturally, it's normal for a plant to produce more during different times of the year, or even during different times of the day. A herb garden is most fragrant on a summer afternoon, for example, when warm sun has stimulated the plants' respiration to exhale more of these compounds, and dry weather has concentrated the oils in the plant.

The amount and kind of terpenes present depends on the climate, the soil, the age of the plant, and other factors.

Terpenes What You Need To Know 2

How Do Terpenes Work?

Interestingly, not only do terpenes give different strains of marijuana a distinctive flavor and odor, but it turns out that terpenes have an effect on the brain, affecting our neurotransmitters and changing how we experience marijuana.

The Entourage Effect

Terpenes operate synergistically with cannabinoids, influencing how much THC passes the blood-brain barrier and how it binds to our cannabis receptors, in a partnership called the “entourage effect.” Terpenes influence how much of an effect marijuana has on our brains, but also influences what kinds of effects it has. 

It has become common knowledge that eating a mango before using marijuana increases the sensation of being high. That's because ripe mangos are rich in the terpene myrcene, which increases the effects of TCH. Interestingly, while it has long been known that drinking a beer before using marijuana also increases the sense of being high, it has been attributed to changes in the digestive system. However, it's also likely that the terpenes in hops may contribute to increased absorption of THC when the two are taken together.

We also know that different terpenes can influence the quality of the effects of marijuana. Many strains of marijuana are named for their distinctive scents and flavors, which can help to identify which terpenes are present, and may be able to indicate what kind of effects one can expect from that strain.

For example, we have identified distinctive psychoactive effects of some of these common terpenes:

Limonene

Limonene has a citrusy, lemon fragrance. It is associated with an elevated mood and reduced stress, and may help to alleviate anxiety and depression.

The following are some high Limonene terpene strains of cannabis you can grow:

SUPER LEMON HAZE FEMINIZED 

HINDU KUSH FEMINIZED 

super-lemon-haze-seeds-fem_large-ILGM
hindu-kush-seeds-fem_large-ILGM

Depression, Fatigue, Insomnia, Stress

Nausea, Pain, Mental stress

Low CBD, 22% THC

Low CBD, 18% THC

High yield, Tall, Indoors, Moderate challenge to grow

Ideal for a small space, Indoors, Easy to grow

HINDU KUSH  

GORILLA GLUE  LEMON1 FEMINIZED

hindu-kush-xl-Sensi-Seeds
Gorilla-Glue-Lemon1-Dutch-Seed-Shop

Mental fatigue, Stress

Chronic stress, Pain

Calm, contemplative state

Low CBD, High THC

Medium yield, Medium height, Sunny outdoors

High yield, Medium height, In/outdoors, Easy grow

LEMON SKUNK fEMINIZED

LEMON KUSH FEMINIZED

lemon-skunk-seeds-Dutch-Seed-Shop

Relaxation and calm

Mental fatigue, Stress

Low CBD, 15-20% THC

Low CBD, High THC

Medium height, Good yield, In/outdoors, Sunny positions, Easy grow

High yield, Medium height, Sunny outdoors, Medium grow

The following is a Limonene terpene intensive CBD oil vape juice:

OG Kush - Terpene CBD Oil Vape Juice

CBD-CBDfx-Terpenes-OGkush-CBDFx

Calming, Anxiety reduction

High CBD, Negligible THC

250mg or 500mg CBD in 30ml bottle

Pinene

Pinene has a piney, conifer aroma. It promotes feelings of alertness, creativity, and euphoria. It can also help to reduce inflammation.

The following are some high Pinene terpene strains of cannabis you can grow:

​UW  FEMINIZED

AK-47 AUTOFLOWERING  fEMINIZED

Buy-UW-Feminized-Marijuana-Seeds-PacificSeedBank
AK-Autoflowering-Marijuana-Seeds-PacificSeedBank

Insomnia, Spasms, Pain

Depression, Pain, Stress

Low CBD, 22-24% THC

Low CBD, 19% THC

 Medium height, Good yield, In/outdoors, Easy grow

Medium height, Good yield, In/outdoors, Easy grow

AK-47 AUTOFLOWERING

ak-47-autoflowering-DutchSeedsShop

Anxiety, Depression, Pain

Low CBD, Up to 20% THC

Low height, Good Yield, Indoors, Moderate to grow

The following is a Decarboxylated CBD oil with Alpha & Beta Pinene terpene:

Natural Decarboxylated CBD Oil by SENSI SEEDS with Terpenes

cbd-oil-30ml-SensiSeeds

Calming, Anxiety reduction

High CBD, Alpha & Beta Pinene

825mg CBD in 30ml bottle

Myrcene

Myrcene has a musky, earthy scent, common in the undertones of mangoes, thyme, and lemongrass. It is physically relaxing, with a sedative effect and a body high. It is often used to treat insomnia.

The following are some high myrcene strains of cannabis you can grow:

OG KUSH  FEMINIZED

CALI OG KUSH HAZE

og_kush-seeds-DutchSeedsShop
Cali-OG-Kush-Haze-CropKingSeeds

Pain, Depression, Insomnia

High stress, Anxiety

Low CBD, 19-27% THC

Low CBD, 24.4% THC

High height, Medium yield, In/outdoors, Hard grow

High height, High yield, In/outdoors, Medium grow

REMEDY CBD FEMINIZED

Remedy-CBD-Feminized-Marijuana-Seeds-PacificSeedBank

Headache, Pain, Stress

High CBD, 1% THC

Medium height, Good Yield, In/outdoors, Easy grow

The following is a Myrcene terpene CBD oil vape juice:

Pineapple Express - Terpene CBD Oil Vape Juice

CBD-CBDfx-Terpenes-PineappleExpress

Calming,  Relaxing

High CBD, Negligible THC

250mg or 500mg CBD in 30ml bottle

Linalool

Linalool has a floral, sweet scent. It is relaxing and calming, and also frequently used to reduce anxiety and have a sedative effect.

The following are some high Linalool terpene strains of cannabis you can grow:

KOSHER KUSH  FEMINIZED

KOSHER KUSH FEMINIZED

kosher-kush-seeds-DutchSEEDSSHOP
Kosher-Kush-Feminized-Marijuana-Seeds-300x300

Stress, Anxiety, Insomnia

 Anxiety, Insomnia, Pain

Low CBD, 19-27% THC

Low CBD, 15-17% THC

 Medium height, High yield, In/outdoors, Medium grow

High height, High yield, In/outdoors,

Easy grow

The following is a Linalool terpene CBD oil vape juice:

Platinum Rose - Terpene CBD Oil Vape Juice

CBD-CBDfx-Terpenes-PlatinumRose

Relaxing, Aid sleep

High CBD, Negligible THC

250mg or 500mg CBD in 30ml bottle

Terpenes What You Need To Know 3

Terpenes in Production 

As we learn more about terpenes, and consumers have more sophisticated understanding of the products and the effects they are looking for, marijuana producers are looking to meet that demand.

Currently, many marijuana processing and distillation methods involve drying or heating marijuana, which can destroy delicate terpenes.

The challenge for producers is that, as a natural compound, there is a natural variation in the type and amount of terpenes present in their products. Consumers want more precision, and more predictability.

Incidentally, this is a problem that the beer industry solves with seasonal beers. Hops also have natural variation in their terpene levels, but of course consumers expect beer flavors and aromas to be consistent bottle after bottle, year round. Hops are dried and processed to preserve their terpenes for production all year long, but brewers also make short-run, less predictable seasonal beers where more product variation is acceptable.

Currently, many marijuana producers are adding terpenes back to the product, in order to create a more consistent customer experience. They can use plant-based or synthetic terpenes. Plant-based terpenes have a greater entourage effect, working better in concert with other natural compounds. Synthetic terpenes have the advantage of being much more consistent, with very predictable flavors and effects.

What's the Best Way to Enhance Terpenes? 

Currently, vaping is the best way to use marijuana and get the full effect of terpenes without using heat that damages the delicate oils. However, as scientific exploration continues and manufacturing techniques evolve, consumers can expect more options and techniques for enjoying terpenes.

As we learn more about terpenes, and manufacturers and consumers gain a better understanding of how to harness and benefit from these powerful compounds, consumers can expect a future with a greater range of choice. Marijuana growers will learn from methods used in beer, essential oils, and perfumes, where these compounds have been enhanced, preserved, and protected for generations, to deliver products that harness the power of nature with less natural variation.

Manufacturers will have more control and consistency over these delicate compounds, so that the flavors, aromas, and effects of cannabis products can be delivered more measurably and consistently. Customers will then be able to understand which terpenes have the effects they desire, and get the product that is tailored to that preference.

In the meantime, take some time to explore the world of terpenes and know that different strains of marijuana have different terpenes and concentrations that can affect you positively in different ways.  Enjoy the journey.

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